Abstract Nanocellulose is a nano-scale material extracted from natural cellulose, with high specific surface area, high mechanical strength, biodegradability and good biocompatibility. The preparation of nanocellulose by biological method has become a hot topic in current research due to its advantages of environmental friendly, mild reaction conditions and low energy consumption. This article will elaborate on the key steps, technical points and specific parameters of biological preparation of nanocellulose, and enhance persuasion through experimental data and tables. At the same time, this article will also discuss the wide application of nanocellulose in composite materials, biomedical science, food industry and environmental protection. Introduction Nanocellulose is mainly divided into nanocellulose crystals (NCC) and nanocellulose fibers (CNF), and its preparation methods include chemical, mechanical and biological methods. Among them, biological methods use enzymes or microorganisms to degrade cellulose raw materials, and obtain nanocellulose through a green and environmentally friendly way, avoiding the use of strong acids and strong alkalis in chemical methods.
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