1. Introduction to Nanocellulose Nanocellulose is a nano-scale material obtained by mechanical, chemical or enzymatic treatment of natural cellulose, with a diameter of only 5–100 nm. Because it comes from plant fiber or bacterial fermentation, it is not only green and environmentally friendly, but also has high strength, light weight, degradability, excellent transparency and other characteristics. Among them, high transparency is one of the most valuable features of nanocellulose in electronic and functional film applications. 2. Advantages of high transparency of nanocellulose. Excellent optical performance: The diameter of nanocellulose fibers is much smaller than the visible light wavelength (400–700 nm), so it can effectively reduce light scattering and show high transparency. High light transmittance: The light transmittance of nanocellulose transparent films can reach 85–95%, comparable to glass and polymer transparent films. Low haze: The material structure is uniform and the haze is low, suitable for flexible displays with extremely high requirements for visual clarity

1. Introduction to Nanocellulose Nanocellulose is a functional material that processes natural cellulose into nanoscale structures through mechanical, chemical or enzymatic methods. It comes from plant fibers, bacterial fermentation or algae resources, and is usually 5–100 nm in diameter and can reach several microns in length. Compared with traditional materials, nanocellulose is not only environmentally friendly and degradable, but also exhibits amazing mechanical properties. 2. The specific strength and modulus stronger than steel. In materials science, specific strength refers to the ratio of the strength and density of a material, and the specific modulus refers to the ratio of the elastic modulus to density. The specific strength and modulus of nanocellulose are far greater than those of steel because of: nanostructure effect: the cellulose crystal region at the nanoscale is highly ordered, and the intermolecular hydrogen bonding is enhanced. High crystallinity: The crystallinity of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) is as high as 60–90%, significantly improving mechanical properties. Lightweight properties: low density (approximately 1.5

1. Introduction to Nanocellulose Nanocellulose is a nano-scale material obtained by using natural cellulose as raw material and processed by physical, chemical or enzymatic methods. Its diameter is usually between 5-100 nm and can reach several microns in length, with high specific surface area, high crystallinity and excellent mechanical properties. As a renewable resource, nanocellulose is not only environmentally friendly and non-toxic, but also has excellent degradability, so it has attracted widespread attention in the fields of sustainable development and green materials. 2. Classification of nanocellulose. Common nanocelluloses can be divided into the following three categories: cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) - obtained by acid hydrolysis and other methods, with high crystallinity and rod-like structure. Cellulose nanofiber filaments (CNF) - prepared by mechanical methods such as high-pressure homogenization and slurry refining, showing a mesh three-dimensional structure. Bacterial cellulose (BC) - produced by fermentation of specific strains and has a very high level of

Bacterial cellulose is a high-purity cellulose synthesized by microorganisms, which has nanofiber network structure, excellent mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. This article introduces the application of bacterial cellulose in the fields of food and functional materials, including beverage stabilizers, dietary fiber, functional food carriers, degradable packaging, high-barrier films and composite materials, and discusses its development prospects and market trends based on actual cases.

Introduction Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer material synthesized by specific bacteria under suitable conditions. Compared with traditional plant-derived cellulose, bacterial cellulose has higher purity, excellent mechanical properties and unique three-dimensional nano-network structure, so it has broad application prospects in many fields such as medical health, food, electronics, and environmental protection. 1. The main characteristics of bacterial cellulose are high purity: they do not contain lignin and hemicellulose, which avoids complex chemical processing processes. Three-dimensional nanonetwork structure: imparts high specific surface area and good porosity. Excellent mechanical properties: high strength, good toughness, suitable for a variety of environmental applications. Biocompatibility and degradability: safe and non-toxic, in line with the concept of sustainable development. Controlability: By changing the culture conditions, its thickness, morphology and functional characteristics can be adjusted. 2. Application areas of bacterial cellulose 1. Medical health

1. The scientific connotation of structural color In nature, the blue-green luster of peacock feathers and the colorful color of butterfly wings are not determined by pigment molecules, but are derived from the structural color generated by the interaction between micro-nano structures and light. This color has the characteristics of no fading, high stability, environmental protection, etc., and is an important inspiration for human materials science by nature. With the rise of sustainable development and the concept of green chemical engineering, how to controllably build a stable structural color system through artificial means has become a cutting-edge research direction in the field of materials science. 2. Unique advantages of nanocellulose Nanocellulose (NC) As a nanomaterial derived from natural cellulose, Nanocellulose (NC) has shown irreplaceable advantages in building structural color materials with its high crystallinity, renewability, biodegradability and highly regulated interface chemical properties: liquid crystal phase self-assembly characteristics nanocellulose suspension

Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer material synthesized by microorganisms such as Acetococcus during the fermentation process. Compared with plant cellulose, it has high purity, nanofiber network structure, excellent biocompatibility and water retention, and shows unique advantages in the field of medical and health. 1. Medical advantages of bacterial cellulose High purity: does not contain lignin and hemicellulose, avoiding allergies or rejection reactions. Nanonet structure: Three-dimensional porous mesh structure is conducive to cell adhesion and tissue regeneration. High moisturizing properties: Keep the wound moist, promote the generation of granulation tissue, and accelerate wound healing. High mechanical strength: soft and tough, can fit tightly into the wound and reduce secondary damage. Controllable degradability: meets the dual needs of medical materials safety and environmental protection. 2. Typical application of wound dressings in the medical field: used for difficult-to-healing wounds such as burns, chronic ulcers, and diabetic foot, and accelerate healing.

1. Introduction to bacterial cellulose Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer material synthesized by specific strains (such as Komagataeibacter xylinus) during the fermentation process. Compared with plant cellulose, it has a more uniform structure and higher purity, and is free of lignin and hemicellulose, so it exhibits many unique physical and chemical properties. Among them, high water content is one of the most significant advantages of bacterial cellulose and is also a key factor that promotes its entry into medical health, beauty and skin care, food packaging and other industries. 2. Why is bacterial cellulose ultra-high water content? The moisture content of bacterial cellulose can usually reach 90% to 99%, far exceeding that of plant cellulose products. This characteristic stems from its special microstructure: nanofibers are extremely thin in diameter (about 20–100 nm), which is easier to bind to water molecules than plant fibers; three-dimensional mesh pores

1. Introduction to bacterial cellulose Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer material synthesized by microorganisms, with nano-scale fiber diameter (20–100 nm) and three-dimensional network structure. Compared with traditional plant cellulose, BC has higher purity and better crystallinity, and has excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, so it has great potential in the field of medical and health. 2. Key performance, high biocompatibility: does not trigger immune rejection reactions in the body; excellent water absorption: can absorb hundreds of times its own weight and keep the wound moist; good mechanical properties: flexible and stable, suitable for the repair of soft tissues of human body; nanopore structure: conducive to nutrient exchange and drug load; large functional space: antibacterial, conductive or sustained release effects can be achieved through modification. 3. Application in the medical and health field 1. Trauma dressings and artificial skin BC are highly absorbent and good.

Introduction Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer material synthesized by specific bacteria (such as Komagataeibacter xylinus). Compared with plant cellulose, bacterial cellulose has higher purity, stronger crystallinity and excellent mechanical properties, so it is widely used in the fields of food, medicine, cosmetics and new materials. Among the various preparation methods, Agitated Culture, as an important way to achieve large-scale production, has gradually become the focus of research and industrial production. Basic Principle of stir culture method The stir culture method is to evenly distribute bacteria in the liquid culture medium through mechanical stirring or gas stirring, so as to synthesize bacterial cellulose in the entire culture system. Unlike static culture that only forms thin films on the liquid surface, stirred culture can produce spherical and granules.