In the context of promoting sustainable development and green manufacturing on a global scale, the environmental friendliness of materials is becoming an important evaluation indicator. Nanocellulose , as a nano-scale material obtained from natural cellulose, is gradually becoming a potential candidate for replacing petroleum-based materials with its unique structure and properties Among them, . biodegradability and biocompatibility constitute its core competitive advantages in green packaging, biomedical use, tissue engineering and other fields.

1. Structural basis and source of nanocellulose

Nanocellulose mainly includes three categories: cellulose nanocrystals ( CNC ), cellulose nanofibers ( CNF ) and bacterial cellulose ( BC ). They are all obtained by acid dissociation, mechanical dissociation or microbial fermentation. Its basic unit is a linear polymer composed of β-1,4- glucose chains and is rich in a large number of surface hydroxyl groups, giving it good modification and hydrophilicity.

This type of material is naturally non-toxic and has a stable structure. After surface modification or functionalization, it can adapt to different physiological environments, thereby achieving in-depth application in many fields such as medical care and environmental protection.

2. Biodegradability: the natural properties of environmentally friendly materials

The degradability of nanocellulose is derived from its molecular structure consistent with natural cellulose. There are a large number of cellulose-degrading microorganisms (such as fungi, actinomycetes and bacteria) in nature, which secrete cellulases (such as endonuclease, exonuclease, β- glucosidase) to hydrolyze nanocellulose into oligosaccharides and even monosaccharides, and eventually enter the microbial metabolic pathway.

In soil, water or compost environments, nanocellulose can be completely decomposed within weeks to months, with the degradation product being non-toxic CO₂ and water, without burden on the ecosystem. Research shows that compared with bioplastics such as polylactic acid ( PLA ), nanocellulose has a wider range of environmental adaptability and degradability, and is particularly suitable for use in disposable packaging, agricultural coating and food containers .

Nanjing Tianlu Nano Technology Co., Ltd. , as a domestic high-tech enterprise focusing on the research and development and industrialization of The company has a mature technical system and independent intellectual property rights in the fields of nanocellulose preparation, modification and application. It has developed a variety of functional materials for degradable nanocellulose, which are widely used in the biological packaging and ecological and environmental protection industries. It actively responds to the nanocellulose technology, has always been committed to developing high-performance and sustainable green material solutions. ' dual carbon ' strategy and promotes the transformation of traditional materials to green.

3. Biocompatibility: Key performance supporting the development of biomedical materials

One of the biggest advantages of nanocellulose in medical applications is its excellent biocompatibility . Its surface has no foreign body proteins and is non-toxic, and will not cause inflammation, immune rejection or cell apoptosis when it comes into contact with human tissues or cells. It has good cell adhesion and membrane formation.

Taking bacterial cellulose ( BC ) as an example, its three-dimensional porous structure is similar to the extracellular matrix, which is conducive to cell migration and proliferation. It has been widely used in:

Skin wound dressing : moist, breathable, non-adhesive wounds, and speeds up healing;

Artificial skin and cartilage repair scaffold : simulates natural tissue structure and supports tissue regeneration;

Drug controlled release system : uses its high specific surface area and pore structure to achieve sustained release and targeted release;

Bioink and 3Dprinting : Combined with gelatin and alginate to meet cell printing needs.

Nanjing Tianlu Nano Technology Co., Ltd. is accelerating the development of biomedical nanocellulose , focusing on the development of wound restoration materials, biofilms, tissue engineering scaffolds and other products, and conducting cooperative research with many pharmaceutical and university research institutions to promote the transformation and implementation of nanocellulose in the biomedical industry.

4. Future Outlook: From Green Materials to Multifunctional Biological Platform

With the development of functionalized surface modification technologies, such as carboxylation, esterification, graft polymerization, etc., nanocellulose is developing towards intelligent, bioresponsive and multifunctional composite materials . For example, intelligent controlled release is achieved by introducing pH- responsive groups, or it is compounded with antibacterial components such as nanosilver and zinc oxide for smart dressing materials.

In the long run, nanocellulose is expected to become a material platform for future biomedical engineering, green packaging and ecological materials , and promote the integrated development of green manufacturing, biosecurity and environmental friendliness.